What are the three energy systems used by the body during exercise?

The three energy systems used by the body during exercise are accurately described in the option that identifies the ATP-CP system, anaerobic glycolysis, and aerobic metabolism.

The ATP-CP system, also known as the phosphagen system, provides immediate energy for short bursts of high-intensity activity, such as sprinting or heavy lifting. This system relies on stored ATP and creatine phosphate for rapid energy release but is only sustainable for a very limited duration, usually around 10 seconds.

Anaerobic glycolysis comes into play during high-intensity exercise lasting from approximately 10 seconds to two minutes. This system generates energy without the need for oxygen by breaking down glucose into pyruvate, producing lactic acid as a byproduct. It is crucial for events like 400-meter sprints or high-repetition weightlifting.

Aerobic metabolism is the body's primary energy system for prolonged, lower-intensity activities, such as long-distance running or cycling. It utilizes oxygen to convert carbohydrates and fats into energy, allowing for extended periods of activity.

The other options contain inaccuracies or are less commonly accepted terminologies. While some terms may overlap, they do not distinctly separate the foundational energy systems based on their physiological processes and commonly recognized nomenclature in exercise physiology